THE ROLE OF ITALIAN SINGING TEACHERS IN THE DEVELOPMENT THE PROFESSIONAL VOCAL SCHOOL OF THE DNIPRANI REGION IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH – EARLY 20TH CENTURY

Abstract

The article is devoted to the consideration of the vocal and pedagogical activity of Italian musicians who worked in educational institutions of Kyiv, Kharkiv and Odessa in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries. The relevance of the study is due to the need for a comprehensive study of intercultural relations in the field of musical and teaching practice, which influenced the formation and development of the Ukrainian professional vocal school. The purpose of the article is to clarify the key aspects of the activity of Italian singers who taught in educational musical institutions of the Dnieper region, to reveal the essence of the vocal and pedagogical methodology of these musicians and to determine their contribution to the formation of the professional vocal school, based on the analysis of scientific literature, archival materials and periodicals of the specified period. Historicalbiographical and comparative-analytical research methods were used. The main attention is paid to three key figures of Italian vocal art: Ettore Gandolfi (Kyiv Conservatory), Federico Bugamelli (Kharkiv Music School) and Domenico Delfino-Menotti (Odesa Conservatory). Facts have been revealed that testify to the high professional level of teaching of these musicians, which ensured the effective development of the basic skills of Ukrainian vocalists. It has been found that their methodology of Italian teachers was based on the classical principles of the bel canto school (work on correct breathing without muscle tension, exercises for leveling registers and expressiveness of diction, singing solfeggio, vocalises, the basics of stage preparation of a singer, etc.). The scientific novelty of the study lies in the systematization of the figures of Italian singer-teachers of the Dnieper region of the studied period, the clarification and introduction into circulation of data on their pedagogical principles, as well as in proving the direct influence of the Italian vocal school on the development of Ukrainian vocal performance and pedagogy of the 20th century.